A Review on Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube and Its Usage in Cooling System

The purpose of this review paper is to overview of the past investigations of the design criteria of vortex tubes, to draw together the mass of literature, and to provide detailed information on the design of vortex tubes. The vortex tube, also known as the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube (RHVT), is a mechanical device that separates compressed air into hot and cold streams flowing in vortex motion/tangentially into the vortex chamber through inlet nozzles. This instrument has no moving components, does not break or wear, and hence requires minimum maintenance. The vortex tube is ideal for a variety of applications since it is simple, lightweight, quiet, and small, and it does not need Freon or other refrigerants (HFCs or CFCs). Though the vortex tube is simple in structure, the internal mechanism of airflow and energy transfer is very complex. A series of theories have been presented by researchers regarding the energy flow inside the vortex tube. This paper after a brief introduction and literature survey, focuses on the design criteria, applications of RHVT and the results obtained up to now. One of the objectives of this paper is to highlight the application of this device and its usage in the industry, rough estimates of temperature that are achieved and which be used in particle applications. The review will conclude with comments on future directions that this device can be used and can be applied for further study and investigation. By reviewing most of the theories, predicting the vortex tube performance and showing the common features and promising add-ons, this review paper could set the basis for the development of the first commonly accepted design model of counter-flow vortex tubes working with perfect gas for spot cooling application.